R
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The R language is widely used among statisticians and data miners for developing statistical software and data analysis. Nowadays, R and Python are both part of a typical data science workflow.
See Why you should learn R first for data science. For downloading latest version of R, adding additional repositories to debian repository list is required.
For a backport of latest R to Debian 8 (jessie), simply open /etc/apt/sourece.list.
Then add following lines into /etc/apt/sourece.list.
NOTE: You need to substitute <favourite-cran-mirror> by one of the mirror URLs listed in the mirror list.
For example: deb http://cran.csie.ntu.edu.tw/bin/linux/debian jessie-cran3/.
Fetch and import Debian backports archives on CRAN (CRAN Debian archive) with key ID 381BA480.
Finally, install R.
After the installation, execute this command to check the version of R in your server is up-to-date.
One feature of R is its capabilities to extend through third-party packages. Currently, the CRAN package repository features 7749 available packages (2015-01-09). There are also many Task Views for R users to browse packages for differenct area of interest.
We will introduce some useful packages here.
plyr/dplyr: Fast, consistent tools for data manipulating, both in or out of memory. data.table: An extension of data.frame for large data. ggplot2: A plotting system for R, based on the grammar of graphics. spatstat: Spatial statistics focusing on spatial point patterns. installr: Make updating R (on windows) as easy as running a function. rmarkdown: Enable easy creation of dynamic documents, presentations, and reports from R. DBI: A database interface for communication between R and relational database management systems.
